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Geology of North Africa
Par Edward Tawadros. 2011
A reference volume on the geology of North Africa, this volume deals with Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco. In…
great detail the geology, tectonic elements, the geology of the Pan-African Shield, the Phanerozoic geological evolution and most of the lithostratigrahpic units of the five countries are described. Moreover, the petroleum geologConsider a Spherical Patent: IP and Patenting in Technology Business
Par Joseph E. Gortych. 2014
Get Critical Insight into the Modern Patenting Scene We are now living in the "IP Era of the Information Age"…
where technology businesses are placing increasing emphasis on intellectual property (IP) as a way to add to their bottom lines. As a consequence, those working in a technology business or organization will inevitably be thrust into workingEine Rundreise durch die Physik: Ein kompakter Überblick von der Kinematik zum Quantencomputer
Par Wolfgang W. Osterhage. 2024
Das vorliegende Buch nimmt den Leser mit auf eine Reise von der klassischen zur modernen Physik – vom Kraftbegriff zu…
den Elementarteilchen, von der Wärmelehre zur Relativitätstheorie und Kosmologie. Es richtet sich an Leser, die in die Physik einsteigen wollen, ihr Wissen auffrischen oder sich (nochmal) einen Überblick verschaffen wollen.Zuerst werden die Grundlagen der klassischen Physik behandelt: Mechanik, Elektrizitätslehre, Felder, Wellen und Wärmelehre. Auf dieser Basis werden die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der Quantenphysik (Atomphysik, Kernphysik) einerseits und der Kosmologie (Relativitätstheorie) andererseits bis zum aktuellen Wissensstand entwickelt.Auf Formeln wird bewusst nicht verzichtet - zum Verständnis sind mathematische Grundkenntnisse erforderlich, man muss jedoch beispielsweise die Differenzialrechnung nicht virtuos beherrschen, um folgen zu können. Der Autor legt Wert darauf, Querverbindungen zwischen den unterschiedlichen Teilgebieten der Physik zu knüpfen und lädt den Leser zum selbstständigen Weiterdenken ein. Das ausführliche Literaturverzeichnis zu jedem Kapitel regt zu weiterführender Lektüre an. In der dritten Auflage wurden Abschnitte u.a. zu aktuellen Entwicklungen bei den Themen Fusionsforschung, Photovoltaik und Quantencomputer erweitert.Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications (Mechanical Engineering Ser.)
Par Dale Ensminger, Leonard J. Bond. 2024
Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry…
and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery.Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.Twistor Sigma Models: Gravity, Amplitudes, and Flat Space Holography (Springer Theses)
Par Atul Sharma. 2023
In recent decades, twistor theory has grown into an irreplaceable tool for the study of scattering amplitudes in gauge theory…
and gravity. This book introduces the reader to cutting-edge advances in twistor theory and its applications to general relativity. The problem of graviton scattering in four dimensions is shown to be dual to dramatically simpler computations in a two-dimensional CFT known as a twistor sigma model. Twistor sigma models are the first step toward a holographic description of gravity in asymptotically flat space-times. They underpin the infinitely many asymptotic symmetries of flat space physics discovered in celestial holography, and extend them to exciting new arenas like curved space-times. They also yield intrinsically mathematical results in the field of hyperkähler manifolds. This volume will be of broad interest to students and researchers looking for an accessible entry point into twistor geometry, scattering amplitudes, and celestial holography. It will also provide an invaluable reference for specialists by bringing together results from a host of different disciplines.Future Trends in Modern Plastics
Par Johannes Karl Fink. 2024
Future Trends in MODERN PLASTICS The prolific author and polymer scientist discusses the current topics in the plastics industry and…
recommends future research in sustainable polymers and the recycling routes of plastic waste. The book opens with a chapter discussing newly developed monomers such as alkylene-based monomers, epoxide monomers, diol-based monomers, bio-based monomers, and several other types, Modern polymerization methods are then explained, such as ionic polymerization, plasma polymerization, and ring-opening polymerization. The book moves on to special issues and some future trends in the plastics industry with recommendations for future research. Plastics have given society enormous benefits because of their versatility, light weight, durability, and low costs. However, these properties have come with negative impacts because these persistent materials are leaked into the environment during their entire life cycle. Therefore, critical chapters report on the future directions for sustainable polymers, the valorization of plastic waste, and the recovery, treatment and recycling routes of plastic waste. The book concludes with chapters on the usage of plastics in medical devices, as well as the use of plastics in restoration, food applications, additive classes, and manufacturing. Audience The book will be used by plastics engineers, chemists, polymer and materials scientists in both academia and the plastics industry.This book provides detailed insights into how space and its applications are, and can be, used to support the development…
of the full range and diversity of African societies, as encapsulated in the African Union’s Agenda 2063. Like previous books in the "Southern Space Studies" series, it focuses on the role of space in supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals in Africa, but it covers an even more extensive array of relevant and timely topics addressing all facets of African development. It demonstrates that, while great achievements have been made in recent years in terms of economic and social development, which has lifted many of Africa’s people out of poverty, there is still much that needs to be done to fulfill the basic needs of Africa's citizens and afford them the dignity they deserve: to this end space is already being employed in diverse fields of human endeavor to serve Africa’s goals for its future, but there is much room for further incorporation of space systems and data. Providing a comprehensive overview of the role space is playing in achieving Africa’s developmental aspirations, the book is of great interest to both students and professionals in fields such as space studies, international relations, governance, social and rural development, and many others.Antarctica: Earth's Own Ice World (Springer Praxis Books)
Par Michael Carroll, Rosaly Lopes. 2019
In 2016, scientist Rosaly Lopes and artist Michael Carroll teamed up as fellows of the National Science Foundation to travel…
to Mount Erebus, the world’s southernmost active volcano in Antarctica. The logistics of getting there and complex operations of Antarctica's McMurdo Station echo the kinds of strategies that future explorers will undertake as they set up settlements on Mars and beyond. This exciting popular-level book explores the arduous environment of Antarctica and how it is similar to other icy worlds in the Solar System.The bulk of this story delves into Antarctica’s infrastructure, exploration, and remote camps, culminating on the summit of Erebus. There, the authors explored the caves and ice towers on the volcano’s flanks, taking photographs and generating original art depicting scenes in Antarctica and terrestrial analogs on other planets and moons. Readers will see an intimate side of Mount Erebus and Antarctica while surveying the region’s history, exploration, geology, and volcanology, which includes research funded by the National Science Foundation’s United States Antarctic Programs. Richly illustrated with photographs and stunning paintings showcasing the beauty of the harsh continent, the book captures the spirit and splendor of the authors’ journey to Erebus.Latest Advancements in Underground Structures and Geological Engineering: Proceedings of the 3rd GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition, Egypt 2019 on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures – The Official International Congress of the Soil-Structure
Par Adam Bezvijen, Walter Wittke, Harry Poulos, Hany Shehata. 2020
This book includes the best-selected papers on the latest advancements in underground structures and geological engineering.The ongoing population growth is…
resulting in rapid urbanization, new infrastructure development, and increasing demand for the Earth's natural resources (e.g., water, oil/gas, minerals). This, together with the current climate change and increasing impact of natural hazards, implies that the engineering geology profession is called upon to respond to new challenges. It is recognized that these challenges are particularly relevant in the developing and newly industrialized regions.Through Two Doors at Once: The Elegant Experiment That Captures the Enigma of Our Quantum Reality
Par Anil Ananthaswamy. 2018
One of Smithsonian's Favorite Books of 2018One of Forbes's 2018 Best Books About Astronomy, Physics and MathematicsOne of Kirkus's Best…
Books of 2018 The intellectual adventure story of the "double-slit" experiment, showing how a sunbeam split into two paths first challenged our understanding of light and then the nature of reality itself--and continues to almost 200 years later.Many of science's greatest minds have grappled with the simple yet elusive "double-slit" experiment. Thomas Young devised it in the early 1800s to show that light behaves like a wave, and in doing so opposed Isaac Newton. Nearly a century later, Albert Einstein showed that light comes in quanta, or particles, and the experiment became key to a fierce debate between Einstein and Niels Bohr over the nature of reality. Richard Feynman held that the double slit embodies the central mystery of the quantum world. Decade after decade, hypothesis after hypothesis, scientists have returned to this ingenious experiment to help them answer deeper and deeper questions about the fabric of the universe.How can a single particle behave both like a particle and a wave? Does a particle exist before we look at it, or does the very act of looking create reality? Are there hidden aspects to reality missing from the orthodox view of quantum physics? Is there a place where the quantum world ends and the familiar classical world of our daily lives begins, and if so, can we find it? And if there's no such place, then does the universe split into two each time a particle goes through the double slit?With his extraordinarily gifted eloquence, Anil Ananthaswamy travels around the world and through history, down to the smallest scales of physical reality we have yet fathomed. Through Two Doors at Once is the most fantastic voyage you can take.North Pole, South Pole: The Epic Quest to Solve the Great Mystery of Earth's Magnetism
Par Gillian Turner. 2011
This &“fantastic story&” of one of physics&’ great riddles takes us through centuries of scientific history (Simon Lamb, author of…
Devil in the Mountain). Why do compass needles point north—but not quite north? What guides the migration of birds, whales, and fish across the world&’s oceans? How is Earth able to sustain life under an onslaught of solar wind and cosmic radiation? For centuries, the world&’s great scientists have grappled with these questions, all rooted in the same phenomenon: Earth&’s magnetism. Over two thousand years after the invention of the compass, Einstein called the source of Earth&’s magnetic field one of greatest unsolved mysteries of physics. Here, for the first time, is the complete history of the quest to understand the planet&’s attractive pull—from the ancient Greeks&’ fascination with lodestone to the geological discovery that the North Pole has not always been in the North—and to the astonishing modern conclusions that finally revealed the true source. Richly illustrated and skillfully told, North Pole, South Pole unfolds the human story behind the science: that of the inquisitive, persevering, and often dissenting thinkers who unlocked the secrets at our planet&’s core. &“In recent years, many very good books for interested non-scientists have been published: Richard Dawkins&’s Climbing Mount Improbable and The Ancestor&’s Tale, Stephen Jay Gould&’s The Lying Stones of Marrakech, and Dava Sobel&’s Longitude and The Planets, to name some of them. North Pole, South Pole . . . is a worthy addition to that list . . . Turner has a great story to tell, and she tells it well.&” —The Press (New Zealand)100 Stars That Explain the Universe
Par Florian Freistetter. 2019
Visit one hundred extraordinary stars that unveil the mysteries of the universe Our own Sun—a source of awe, myth, and…
mystery for untold generations of sky-gazers—is just one of roughly two hundred billion trillion stars. Together, they’re a window into the profoundest questions in physics—overturning, again and again, how we understand light, matter, time, and existence itself. Florian Freistetter explains all this and more, in brief, easy-to-read profiles of the hundred most history-making stars, inviting readers to gaze into the past and future of the universe alongside a stellar cast of scientists— from Annie Jump Cannon, who revolutionized how we classify the stars, to Dorrit Hoffleit, who first counted them. Enjoy your journey through the cosmos . . . GRB 080319B, the farthest we’ve seen into space with the naked eye V1364 CYGNI, pivotal in the discovery of dark matter 72 Tauri, definitive evidence for Einstein’s theory of relativity Algol, called the Demon Star for its mysterious blinking—and many more! Publisher’s note: 100 Stars That Explain the Universe was previously published in hardcover as The Story of the Universe in 100 Stars.Blue: The Science And Secrets Of Nature's Rarest Color
Par Kai Kupferschmidt. 2019
What is it about the color blue? Blue is our favorite color globally—the darling of artists since the time of…
the pharaohs. So it’s startling to turn to the realms of nature and discover that “true” blue is truly rare. The sea and sky are blue, but we can’t bottle this trick of physics. And the few creatures, plants, and minerals that appear blue are almost all deceiving us. There’s no blue pigment in a blue jay—it would be brown but for how its feathers distort light. Kai Kupferschmidt has been enraptured by blue since childhood. In Blue, he invites readers on his globe-trotting quest to understand his favorite color— from Kyoto, where scientists are trying to engineer a blue rose, to Brandenburg, where conservationists hope to save the “little blue macaw.” Deep underground where blue crystals grow and miles overhead where astronauts gaze at our “blue marble” planet-wherever he finds this alluring color, it has a story to tell.A complete history of the universe, spanning 13.8 billion years in an ultra-accessible, uncommonly illuminating, exhilarating chronicle of key events…
“Baker introduces us not only to the history of our species and our planet, but the history of our vast universe.”—from the foreword by John Green, author of The Anthropocene Reviewed and The Fault in Our Stars In this thrilling history, David Baker captures the longest-possible time span—from the Big Bang to the present day—in an astonishingly concise retelling. His impressive timeline includes the “rise of complexity” in the cosmos and the creation of the first atoms; the origin of all galaxies, stars, and our solar system; and the evolution of life on Earth, from tiny single-celled organisms to human beings. Weaving together insights across the sciences—including chemistry, physics, biology, archaeology, and anthropology—Baker answers the fundamental questions: How did time begin? Why does matter exist? What made life on Earth the way it is? He also argues that never before has life on Earth been forced to adjust to a changing climate so rapidly, nor has one species ever been responsible for such sudden change. Baker’s grand view offers the clearest picture of what may come next—and the role we can still play in our planet’s fate.Journey into an unseen world—and to the frontiers of human knowledge Welcome to Atom Land, a subatomic realm governed by…
the laws of particle physics. Here, electromagnetism is a highway system; the strong force, a railway; the weak force, an airline. With award-winning physicist Jon Butterworth as your guide, you’ll set sail from Port Electron in search of strange new terrain—from the Isle of Quarks to the very edge of Antimatter. Journey into an unseen world—and to the frontiers of human knowledge.Facets of Noise: Effects in Classical and Quantum Systems (Fundamental Theories of Physics #214)
Par Debraj Das, Shamik Gupta. 2023
This book provides a captivating journey through the realms of classical and quantum systems as it unravels the profound influence…
that noise may have on their static and dynamic properties. The first part of the book offers succinct yet enlightening discussions on foundational topics related to noise. The second part focuses on a variety of applications, where a diverse spectrum of noise effects in physical systems comes to life, meticulously presented and thoughtfully analyzed. Whether you are a curious student or a dedicated researcher, this book is your key to gaining invaluable insights into noise effects in physical systems. “The book has the merit of presenting several topics scattered in the literature and could become a very useful reference.” Giovanni Jona-Lasinio, Sapienza – Università di Roma, ItalyElectrical Materials: Performance Improvement, Recent Advances and Engineering Applications (Engineering Materials)
Par Peng Wang, Jun Xie, Yiyi Zhang. 2024
This book highlights the latest advances in advanced insulating materials. Energy crisis and environmental pollution are two major themes currently…
faced by the human society. It is of unprecedented strategic importance to construct a strong smart grid with super/ultra-high voltage network as the backbone and clean energy transmission as the leading force. However, the performance of electrical equipment and devices is greatly determined by the properties of their insulating materials, especially when they have to work in extreme circumstances including high-temperature differences, intense radiation, and strong electric fields. The key advantage of polymers is that their properties could be adjusted by changing their chemical composition and molecular structure. Research on polymer insulating materials has been highly successful as progress has been made in characterizing these properties, designing molecular structures, and studying polymers’ specialized properties. On the other hand, nanodielectrics are prepared by adding certain nanoscale fillers into a polymer matrix to yield better electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. When the particle pretreatment methods and the content or category of fillers are adjusted, nanodielectrics tend to have greater breakdown strength as well as better high-temperature resistance and space charge suppression. Therefore, this book covers investigations of properties of insulating materials that explore their interface effects and composite structures and introduces findings in methods that improve the performance of electrical devices. The book is not only used as a timely reference for engineering and technical personnel in related fields but also as a comprehensive textbook for college students.Diffusion Under Confinement: A Journey Through Counterintuition
Par Leonardo Dagdug, Jason Peña, Ivan Pompa-García. 2024
This book offers the reader a journey through the counterintuitive nature of Brownian motion under confinement. Diffusion is a universal…
phenomenon that controls a wide range of physical, chemical, and biological processes. The transport of spatially-constrained molecules and small particles is ubiquitous in nature and technology and plays an essential role in different processes. Understanding the physics of diffusion under conditions of confinement is essential for a number of biological phenomena and potential technological applications in micro- and nanofluidics, among others. Studies on diffusion under confinement are typically difficult to understand for young scientists and students because of the extensive background on diffusion processes, physics, and mathematics that is required. All of this information is provided in this book, which is essentially self-contained as a result of the authors’ efforts to make it accessible to an audience of students from a variety of different backgrounds. The book also provides the necessary mathematical details so students can follow the technical process required to solve each problem. Readers will also find detailed explanations of the main results based on the last 30 years of research devoted to studying diffusion under confinement. The authors approach the physical problem from various angles and discuss the role of geometries and boundary conditions in diffusion. This textbook serves as a comprehensive and modern overview of Brownian motion under confinement and is intended for young scientists, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in physics, physical chemistry, biology, chemistry, chemical engineering, biochemistry, bioengineering, and polymer and material sciences.Mysteries of Mars (Springer Praxis Books)
Par Fabio Vittorio De Blasio. 2018
This book introduces the reader to the wonders of Mars, covering all aspects from our past perceptions of the planet…
through to the latest knowledge on its history, its surface processes such as impact cratering, volcano formation, and glaciation, and its atmosphere and climate. In addition, a series of ten intriguing open issues are considered in a more advanced way. These include such thought-provoking questions as What turned off the planet’s magnetic field?, Why are the northern and southern hemispheres so different?, What was the fate of the once abundant water?, and Is there, or was there, life on Mars? Numerous original figures, unavailable elsewhere, reproduce details of images from Viking, CTX, MOC, HiRISE, THEMIS, and HRSC. The book will appeal especially to general readers interested in planetary sciences, astronomy, astrogeology, and space exploration and to students of Earth Sciences and Natural and Environmental Sciences. The higher-level material on the remaining mysteries of Mars will also be of interest to astrogeologists and other researchers.Analytische Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie: Eine praxisbezogene Einführung
Par Jürgen Thomas, Thomas Gemming. 2023
Das Buch wendet sich an alle, egal ob im Studium, in technischen Berufen, oder in der Wissenschaft, die die sich…
für die analytische Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie interessieren und einen Überblick über diese Methode erhalten möchten. Insbesondere betrifft dies Personen, die an einem Transmissionselektronenmikroskop arbeiten wollen oder müssen, die aber noch keine spezielle elektronenmikroskopische Ausbildung durchlaufen haben. Das Buch basiert auf den Erfahrungen der Autoren bei der Unterrichtung von Studierenden, Promovierenden und in technischen Berufen Tätigen. Der Überblick über die analytische Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie umfasst die Schwerpunkte Optische Abbildung, Elektronenwellen, magnetische Linsen, Abbildungsfehler, Aufbau eines Transmissionselektronenmikroskops, Präparation dünner Proben, Justage des Mikroskops, Elektronenbeugung, Kontrastentstehung, Höchstauflösungselektronenmikroskopie, Rastertransmissionselektronenmikroskopie sowie Analytik mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie und Elektronenenergieverlust-Spektroskopie. Ein mathematischer Anhang erklärt grundlegende Formalismen zur Thematik.