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Ethics and Economics: An Introduction to Free Markets, Equality and Happiness
Par Johan Graafland. 2022
This textbook applies economic ethics to evaluate the free market system and enables students to examine the impact of free…
markets using the three main ethical approaches: utilitarianism, principle-based ethics and virtue ethics.Ethics and Economics systematically links empirical research to these ethical questions, with a focus on the core topics of happiness, inequality and virtues. Each chapter offers a recommended further reading list. The final chapter provides a practical method for applying the different ethical approaches to morally evaluate an economic policy proposal and an example of the methodology being applied to a real-life policy.This book will give students a clear theoretical and methodological toolkit for analyzing the ethics of market policies, making it a valuable resource for courses on economic ethics and economic philosophy.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial (CC-BY-NC) 4.0 license.Conservation of Architectural Heritage: Developing Sustainable Practices (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
Par Maria Luisa Germanà, Natsuko Akagawa, Antonella Versaci, Nicola Cavalagli. 2024
This book presents practical, applicable solutions that contribute to built heritage conservation, discussing challenges like resource constraints, ineffective legislation, lack…
of coordination between different relevant bodies, and absence of public awareness and involvement. This is to maintain the beauty and cultural meaning of the architectural heritage since they are like a glimpse from the past life, representing how people lived, their religions, and beliefs in addition to the primitive but inspirational technology used in construction. As a result, this book is of significant importance to professionals in the fields of architecture, sustainability, as well as policymakers.Philosophy of Mind: 50 Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Thought Experiments (Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Thought Experiments in Philosophy)
Par Torin Alter, Amy Kind, Robert J. Howell. 2024
Imaginative cases, or what might be called puzzles and other thought experiments, play a central role in philosophy of mind.…
The real world also furnishes philosophers with an ample supply of such puzzles. This volume collects 50 of the most important historical and contemporary cases in philosophy of mind and describes their significance. The authors divide them into five sections: consciousness and dualism; physicalist theories and the metaphysics of mind; content, intentionality, and representation; perception, imagination, and attention; and persons, personal identity, and the self. Each chapter provides background, describes a central case or cases, discusses the relevant literature, and suggests further readings. Philosophy of Mind: 50 Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Thought Experiments promises to be a useful teaching tool as well as a handy resource for anyone interested in the area. Key Features: Offers stand-alone chapters, each presented in an identical format:- Background- The Case- Discussion- Recommended Reading Each chapter is self-contained, allowing students to quickly understand an issue and giving instructors flexibility in assigning readings to match the themes of the course. Additional pedagogical features include a general volume introduction as well as smaller introductions to each of the five sections and a glossary at the end of the book.Chinese Semiotic Thoughts in the Pre-imperial Age (China Academic Library)
Par Dong Zhu. 2023
This book examines practices on the relationship between sign and meaning in the Pre-Imperial period of China from the semiotics…
perspective. Although the Chinese civilization did not develop a comprehensive semiotics system in that period, they are highly semiotic in many ways. The thinking and application of signs of Chinese people can be found in many classics, such as The Book of Changes, The Analects of Confucius, Tao De Jing and Zhuangzi. This book begins its study by re-examining the semiotic thoughts contained in The Book of Changes and inquiries into the thoughts of the major philosophers of different schools. It provides insights into the findings of these philosophers concerning the relationship between sign and meaning. In particular, it concentrates on how the prosperity of the various contending semiotic thoughts complemented each other in forming a sign system. In addition, the book also emphasizes the wholeness and associativity of observing things and studying relevant signs of Chinese people. As the first monograph in any language to systematically summarize Chinese semiotic thought in the Pre-Imperial period, this book helps promote understanding of the traditional Chinese culture and mindset.Visionary Animal: Rock art from southern Africa
Par Renaud Ego. 2018
An illustrated collection that takes stock of current knowledge and proposes a new way of reading indigenous artFor thousands of…
years, nomadic hunter-gatherers assigned a fundamental role to the visualization of the animals who shared their lives. Some, such as the Cape eland, the largest of antelopes, were the object of a fascinated gaze, as though the graceful markings and shapes of their bodies were the key to secret knowledge safeguarded by the animals’ unsettling silence.Renaud Ego posits that the artists sought to steal the animals’ secret through an act of rendering visible a vitality that remained hidden beneath appearances. In this process, the San themselves became the visionary animal who, possessing the gift of making pictures, would acquire far-seeing powers. Thanks to the singular effectiveness of their visual art, they could make intellectual contact with the world in order better to think and,ultimately, to act. They gained access to the full dimension of their human condition through painting scenes that functioned like visual contracts with spiritual and ancestral powers.Their art is an act that seeks to preserve the wholeness of existence through a respect for the relationships linking all beings, both real and imaginary,who partake of it. The fundamentally ecological dimension of this message confers on San art its universality and contemporary relevance.Visionary Animal is a translation of L’Animal voyant, published in France in 2015. This rich collection of essays is beautifully illustrated with the author’s photographs of rock art from across southern Africa.This is the first volume devoted to the sections of the Aristotelian Mirabilia on natural science, filling a significant gap…
in the history of the Aristotelian study of nature and especially of animals. The chapters in this volume explore the Mirabilia, or De mirabilibus auscultationibus (On Marvelous Things Heard), and its engagement with the natural sciences. The first two chapters deliver an introduction to this work: one a discussion of the history of the text; the other a discussion of Aristotelian epistemology and methodology, and the role of the Mirabilia in that context. This is followed by eight chapters that, together, are effectively a commentary on those sections of the Mirabilia with close connections to Aristotle’s Historia animalium and to a number of Theophrastus’ scientific treatises. Finally, the volume ends with two chapters on thematic topics connected to natural science running throughout the work, namely color and disease. The Aristotelian Mirabilia and Early Peripatetic Natural Science should prove invaluable to scholars and students interested in the ancient Greek study of nature, ancient philosophy, and Aristotelian science in particular.Uncommon Sense
Par Ian Shapiro. 2024
A spirited defense of the Enlightenment against assaults from both the left and the right that explains its urgent implications…
for our contemporary politics Ours is an age when optimism about politics is hard to come by. Ian Shapiro explains why this is so and, without minimizing the daunting challenges, spells out an appropriate response. Written in the indomitable spirit exemplified by Tom Paine, Uncommon Sense is a rich source of insight and inspiration in dark political times. The Enlightenment commitments to reason and science are under assault from the Postmodern Left and the Authoritarian Right. Shapiro explains why the attacks are misguided and politically destructive. He agrees with the critics that there are no universal principles of justice that transcend political battles and no fair, impartial rules to govern the distribution of income, wealth, rights, or opportunities. But abandoning the search for them as futile does not mean junking the Enlightenment&’s core political goal: to deploy the tools of reason and science to fight domination. Democracy is essential to vindicating that goal, yet citizens in many democracies are profoundly alienated and many democracies are in danger of failing. Shapiro explains what has gone wrong, debunks ill-considered remedies, and spells out better ones—deepening and extending his previous writing on political theory and democratic politics.The Archaeology of Pharaonic Egypt: Society and Culture, 2700–1700 BC (Cambridge World Archaeology)
Par Richard Bussmann. 2023
In this book, Richard Bussmann presents a fresh overview of ancient Egyptian society and culture in the age of the…
pyramids. He addresses key themes in the comparative research of early complex societies, including urbanism, funerary culture, temple ritual, kingship, and the state, and explores how ideas and practices were exchanged between ruling elites and local communities in provincial Egypt. Unlike other studies of ancient Egypt, this book adopts an anthropological approach that places people at the centre of the analysis. Bussmann covers a range of important themes in cross-cultural debates, such as materiality, gender, non-elite culture, and the body. He also offers new perspectives on social diversity and cultural cohesion, based on recent discoveries. His study vividly illustrates how our understanding of ancient Egyptian society benefits from the application of theoretical concepts in archaeology and anthropology to the interpretation of the evidence.Forensic Cremation Recovery and Analysis
Par Scott I. Fairgrieve. 2008
This book provides a synopsis of the challenges involved in the recovery and interpretation of cremains from the point of…
discovery to the end of the analysis. It considers the capacity and mechanism of fire to alter the chemical and physical properties of materials, particularly those of human tissues, and emphasizes a flexible approach to the collection of cremains. A significant portion of the book examines the effects of fire on bone and the ability to determine trauma. It also evaluates the practical use of dental tissue and DNA for identification and as an aid to the investigation.The Dizziness of Freedom in Kierkegaard and Sartre
Par Riccardo Pugliese. 2023
This book investigates the concept of freedom as it has been defined by Søren Kierkegaard and some of existentialism’s major figures, including…
Jean-Paul Sartre. In an attempt to delineate an ontology of the human condition, special emphasis is placed on the ideas of choice, responsibility, and transcendence. The second part of the book focuses on existential freedom in what has been its most radical formulation by Sartre. A translation of Il sentimento paralizzante del possibile. La vertigine della libertà in Kierkegaard e Sartre (2022), this book brings cutting-edge contemporary Italian philosophy to English readers.This is Philosophy of Science: An Introduction (This is Philosophy)
Par Franz-Peter Griesmaier, Jeffrey A. Lockwood. 2022
A clear and engaging introduction to the philosophy of science, exploring the role of science within the broader framework of…
human knowledge and engagement with the world What are the central features and advantages of a scientific worldview? Why do even reasonable scientists sometimes disagree with each other? How are scientific methods different than those of other disciplines? Can science provide an objective account of reality? This is Philosophy of Science introduces the most important philosophical issues that arise within the empirical sciences. Requiring no previous background in philosophy, this reader-friendly volume covers topics ranging from traditional questions about the nature of explanation and the confirmation of theories to practical issues concerning the design of physical experiments and modeling. Incisive and accessible chapters with relevant case-studies and informative illustrations examine the function of thought experiments, discuss the realism/anti-realism debate, explore probability and theory testing, and address more challenging topics such as emergentism, measurement theory, and the manipulationist account of causation. Describes key philosophical concepts and their application in the empirical sciences Highlights past and present philosophical debates within the field Features numerous illustrations, real-world examples, and references to additional resources Includes a companion website with self-assessment exercises and instructor-only test banks Part of Wiley-Blackwell’s popular This Is Philosophy series, This is Philosophy of Science: An Introduction is an excellent textbook for STEM students with interest in the conceptual foundations of their disciplines, undergraduate philosophy majors, and general readers looking for an easy-to-read overview of the subject.Resistance to Evidence (Cambridge Studies in Philosophy)
Par Null Mona Simion. 2024
We have increasingly sophisticated ways of acquiring and communicating knowledge, but efforts to spread this knowledge often encounter resistance to…
evidence. The phenomenon of resistance to evidence, while subject to thorough investigation in social psychology, is acutely under-theorised in the philosophical literature. Mona Simion's book is concerned with positive epistemology: it argues that we have epistemic obligations to update and form beliefs on available and undefeated evidence. In turn, our resistance to easily available evidence is unpacked as an instance of epistemic malfunctioning. Simion develops a full positive, integrated epistemological picture in conjunction with novel accounts of evidence, defeat, norms of inquiry, permissible suspension, and disinformation. Her book is relevant for anyone with an interest in the nature of evidence and justified belief and in the best ways to avoid the high-stakes practical consequences of evidence resistance in policy and practice. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.Die Fabrikation von Demokratie: Baustellen performativer politischer Repräsentation (Politologische Aufklärung – konstruktivistische Perspektiven)
Par Jan-Peter Voß, Hagen Schölzel. 2024
Das Buch eröffnet ein neues Forschungsfeld praxeologischer Demokratieforschung. Statt von bestimmten theoretischen Konzeptionen auszugehen, was Demokratie ist oder sein soll,…
wird untersucht, wie Demokratie praktisch gemacht wird. Wie wird der „demos“ zum Subjekt des Regierens gemacht, als politischer Akteur mit kollektivem Willen und Handlungsmacht? Das Buch verfolgt den Ansatz, nach konkreten praktischen Formen zu suchen, in denen Repräsentationen des Willens von kollektiven Subjekten hergestellt und geltend gemacht werden. Dabei entfaltet sich ein Blick auf die Multiplizität und Dynamik der Demokratie.Rén: The Ancient Chinese Art of Finding Peace and Fulfilment
Par Yen Ooi. 2022
A beautiful look at the Ancient Chinese philosophy of Rén and how it can help us with our hectic modern…
lives.The Chinese character for Rén ? combines the word for 'person' ?and the number 'two' ?, representing human connection. And in the teachings of ancient philosopher Confucius, Rén is the study of our relationship with those around us.In this accessible and beautiful book, Yen Ooi explains the various facets of Rén and explores how this philosophy applies to everything from our relationship with ourselves and the people in our lives, to how we relate to society and the wider world.She shows us how, using the basic principles of Rén and through simple changes to our lives, we can connect better with friends, family and colleagues, become helpful members of society and find fulfilment in ideas of community, justice, morality and compassion.Bioethics: 50 Puzzles, Problems, and Thought Experiments (Puzzles, Paradoxes, and Thought Experiments in Philosophy)
Par Sean D. Aas, Collin O'Neil, Chiara Lepora. 2024
Bioethics: 50 Puzzles, Problems, and Thought Experiments collects 50 cases—both real and imaginary—that have been, or should be, of special…
interest and importance to philosophical bioethics. Cases are collected together under topical headings in a natural order for an introductory course in bioethics. Each case is described in a few pages, which includes bioethical context, a concise narrative of the case itself, and a discussion of its importance, both for broader philosophical issues and for practical problems in clinical ethics and health policy. Each entry also contains a brief, annotated, list of suggested readings. In addition to the classic cases in bioethics, the book contains discussion of cases that involve several emerging bioethical issues: especially, issues around disability, social justice, and the practice of medicine in a diverse and globalized world.Key Features: Gives readers all chapters presented in an identical format: The Case Responses Suggested Readings Includes reference to up-to-date literature in journals devoted both to more generalist ethics and to bioethics Offers short and self-contained chapters, allowing students to quickly understand an issue and giving instructors flexibility in assigning readings to match the themes of the course Features actual or lightly fictionalized cases in humanitarian aid, offering a type of case that is often underrepresented in bioethics books Authored by three scholars who are actively involved in the central research areas of bioethicsThe Use of Forensic Anthropology
Par Robert B. Pickering, David Bachman. 2009
A forensic investigation requires a team of specialists from many different scientific fields of study along with legal and law…
enforcement specialists. In recent years, the range of cases on which forensic anthropologists have been consulted has expanded dramatically. The Use of Forensic Anthropology provides these professionals with guidelines foAdvances in Forensic Taphonomy: Method, Theory, and Archaeological Perspectives
Par William D. Haglund, Marcella H. Sorg. 2002
Liberally illustrated with photographs, maps, and other images, Advances in Forensic Taphonomy: Method, Theory, and Archaeological Perspectives offers modern techniques…
for obtaining clues from postmortem evidence. This bestselling reference examines techniques in recovery and analysis, coverage of mass grave investigation, applications of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA techniques, interpretation of burned human remains, the discrimination of trauma from postmortem change, and taphonomic interpretation of water deaths both at the scene and in the lab. It also discusses microenvironmental variation and decomposition in different environments, as well as geochemical and entomological analysis.Power and Identity at the Margins of the Ancient Near East
Par Sara Mohr, Shane M. Thompson. 2022
Power and Identity at the Margins of the Ancient Near East rethinks the dichotomy between antiquated terms such as “core”…
and “periphery,” explores lived realities in the margins of central authority, and centers those margins as places of resistance and power in their own right. The borderlands of hegemonic entities within the Near East and Egypt pressed against each other, creating cities and societies with influence from several competing polities. The peoples, cities, and cultures that resulted present a unique lens by which to examine how states controlled and influenced the lives, political systems, and social hierarchies of these subjects (and vice versa). This volume addresses the distinct traditions and experiences of areas beyond the core; terminology used when discussing empire, core, periphery, borderlands, and frontiers; conceptualization of space; practices and consequences of warfare, captive-taking, and slavery; identity- and secondary state–formation; economy and society; ritual; diplomacy; and the negotiation of claims to power. It is imperative that historians and social scientists understand the ways in which these cultures developed, spread, and interacted with others along frontier edges. Using an intersectional approach across disciplines, Power and Identity at the Margins of the Ancient Near East brings together professionals from archaeology, religious studies, history, sociology, and anthropology to make new contributions to the study of the frontier. Contributors: Alexander Ahrens, Peter Dubovský, Avraham Faust, Daniel E. Fleming, Mahri Leonard-Fleckman, Alvise Matessi, Ellen Morris, Valeria Turriziani, Eric M. TrinkaThe Logic of Social Practices II (Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics #68)
Par Raffaela Giovagnoli, Robert Lowe. 2023
This book reports on cutting-edge research concerning social practices. Merging perspectives from various disciplines, including philosophy, biology, psychology and cognitive…
science, and economy, it discusses theoretical aspects of social behavior along with models to investigate them, and presenting key case studies as well. Further, it describes concepts related to habits, routines, and rituals and examines important features of human action, such as intentionality and choice, exploring the influence of specific social practices in different situations. Based on a workshop held on April 2022 at the World Congress on Universal Logic (UNILOG 22), in Crete, and including additional invited chapters, the book offers fresh insights into the fields of social practice and the cognitive, computational, and philosophical tools to understand them.The Conservation of Subterranean Cultural Heritage
Par Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez. 2015
This proceedings volume contains selected papers presented at the Workshop on the Conservation of the Subterranean Cultural Heritage, held 25-27…
March 2014, in Seville, Spain. The workshop was organized by the Spanish Network of Science and Technology for the Conservation of Cultural Heritage (TechnoHeritage). Contributions cover the following fields: archaeology, history, conservation, maintenance and restoration, architectural sciences and engineering.