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This book offers a practical guide for successful international trade operations. Written for MBA students and professionals, it provides tools…
and best practices for managing and operating complex international trade transactions. Readers learn about the legal, administrative, and practical aspects of international business transactions and how to gather and manage the proper information needed. The book covers topics such as public and private regulation of international trade, overseas market research, international trade terms, international trade contracts, payment collection, international transportation, marine cargo insurance, exchange rate risk, electronic commerce, and claims and dispute resolution. It is a valuable resource for both business students and professionals involved in international trade or export businesses.Honest Errors? Combat Decision-Making 75 Years After the Hostage Case
Par Nobuo Hayashi, Carola Lingaas. 2024
This book marks the 75th anniversary of the 1948 Hostage Case in which a US military tribunal in Nuremberg acquitted General Lothar…
Rendulic of devastating Northern Norway on account of his honest factual error. The volume critically reappraises the law and facts underlying his trial, the no second-guessing rule in customary international humanitarian law (IHL) that is named after the general himself, and the assessment of modern battlefield decisions.Using recently discovered documents, this volume casts major doubts on Rendulic’s claim that he considered the region’s total devastation and the forcible evacuation of all of its inhabitants imperatively demanded by military necessity at the time. This book’s analysis of court records reveals how the tribunal failed to examine relevant facts or explain the Rendulic Rule’s legal origin. This anthology shows that, despite the Hostage Case’s ambiguity and occasional suggestions to the contrary, objective reasonableness forms part of the reasonable commander test under IHL and the mistake of fact defence under international criminal law (ICL) to which the rule has given rise. This collection also identifies modern warfare’s characteristics—human judgment, de-empathetic battlespace, and institutional bias—that may make it problematic to deem some errors both honest and reasonable. The Rendulic Rule embodies an otherwise firmly established admonition against judging contentious battlefield decisions with hindsight. Nevertheless, it was born of a factually ill-suited case and continues to raise significant legal as well as ethical challenges today.The most comprehensive study of the Rendulic Rule ever to appear in English, this multi-disciplinary anthology will appeal to researchers and practitioners of IHL and ICL, as well as military historians and military ethicists and offers ground-breaking new research.Nobuo Hayashi is affiliated to the Centre for International and Operational Law at the Swedish Defence University in Stockholm, Sweden.Carola Lingaas is affiliated to the Faculty of Social Studies at VID Specialized University in Oslo, Norway.Navigating Nuclear Energy Lawmaking for Newcomers: An Asian Perspective (International Law in Asia)
Par Eric Yong Lee, Ridoan Karim. 2023
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the legal and regulatory framework for the nuclear industry from an Asian perspective.…
It includes information on the history of nuclear lawmaking, the key international treaties and agreements that govern the use of nuclear energy, the role of national and regional regulatory bodies, and the legal and policy issues that arise in the development and operation of nuclear power plants. The book also covers topics such as nuclear safety, security, waste management, environmental protection, and liability for nuclear accidents. Additionally, it provides insights into the legislative process and the various stakeholders involved in nuclear lawmaking, such as industry, government, and civil society organizations. The overall goal of this book is to provide a detailed and up-to-date understanding of the legal and regulatory framework for the nuclear newcomers, particularly in Asia, and to help readers navigate this complex and dynamic field.The book is also used as a guide for all nuclear energy-producing countries, lawmakers, students, researchers, or even for general readers to understand the perspectives of international nuclear energy law.International Handbook of Disaster Research
Par Amita Singh. 2023
This handbook is a comprehensive source of information, analysis and directions in disaster studies. It goes beyond the oft-explored issues…
of management and science related to the topic and explores policies, governance, law and decision-making combined with the processes of implementation and enforcement, all the while integrating the latest science and technology updates related to the topic, such as artificial intelligence and early warning systems. It brings together studies which relate to sociology, politics and institutional economics, which work under the impact of resource availability, issues of leadership and international laws. Disasters are trans-boundary and disaster studies are trans-disciplinary. It is this aspect which would form the fulcrum of contributions and present a new, refreshing and innovative design for the handbook. The transformatory pedagogy which started with the Hyogo Framework for action 2005-2015 and The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 outlines seven clear targets and four priorities for action to prevent new and reduce existing disaster risks. The four priority areas around which the book would revolve are (i) Understanding disaster risk; (ii) Strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk; (iii) Investing in disaster reduction for resilience and; (iv) Enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response, and to "Build Back Better" in recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction.The Voyages of the Discovery: The Illustrated History of Scott's Ship
Par Ann Savours. 2013
Discovery was built for Captain Scott's first Antarctic expedition of 1901-04 and was launched more than 100 years ago in…
1901, at Dundee. She had a long and intriguing career before her final voyage back there in 1986; this book tells the story of that chequered history.Despite a number of expeditions to the Southern Ocean during the nineteenth century, the continent of Antarctica remained mostly a mystery by the turn of the twentieth. To remedy this the Royal Geographical Society proposed a National Antarctic Expedition, and a purpose-built vessel, the Discovery, was designed. Based on a whale ship, she was massively built to withstand ice, and was equipped with a hoisting propeller and rudder. Sh set sail from Cowes of 6 August and six months later was in the Ross Sea. The southern sledging expedition, of Scott, Shackleton and Wilson, reached within 500 miles of the South Pole.In 1905, a year after her return to Britain, she was purchased by the Hudson's Bay Company and worked as a simple cargo carrier between London and their trading posts in the Canadian Arctic. Later she was sent to rescue Shackleton's men on Elephant Island. In 1925 she became a research ship, and in 1929-31 she was used to survey what became Australian Antarctic territory. Moored on the Thames Embankment, she survived the London blitz before returning to Dundee where she is now on permanent display.A Visitor's Guide to Victorian England: Victorian England (A Visitor's Guide #1)
Par Michelle Higgs. 2014
An &“utterly brilliant&” and deeply researched guide to the sights, smells, endless wonders, and profound changes of nineteenth century British…
history (Books Monthly, UK). Step into the past and experience the world of Victorian England, from clothing to cuisine, toilet arrangements to transport—and everything in between. A Visitor&’s Guide to Victorian England is &“a brilliant guided tour of Charles Dickens&’s and other eminent Victorian Englishmen&’s England, with insights into where and where not to go, what type of people you&’re likely to meet, and what sights and sounds to watch out for . . . Utterly brilliant!&” (Books Monthly, UK). Like going back in time, Higgs&’s book shows armchair travelers how to find the best seat on an omnibus, fasten a corset, deal with unwanted insects and vermin, get in and out of a vehicle while wearing a crinoline, and avoid catching an infectious disease. Drawing on a wide range of sources, this book blends accurate historical details with compelling stories to bring alive the fascinating details of Victorian daily life. It is a must-read for seasoned social history fans, costume drama lovers, history students, and anyone with an interest in the nineteenth century.The Queen: A Life in Brief
Par Robert Lacey. 2012
A short biography of one of the most recognized yet still mysterious women in the world, Queen Elizabeth II, from…
the New York Times bestselling author of The KingdomElizabeth of York was not born to be Queen. She came into the world on April 21st, 1926, the equivalent of the modern Princess Beatrice, first-born daughter of the Duke of York, destined to flutter on the royal fringe. So while Lilibet was brought up with almost religious respect for the crown, there seemed no chance of her inheriting it. Her head was never turned by the personal prospect of grandeur—which is why she would prove so very good at her job. Elizabeth II’s lack of ego was to prove the paradoxical secret of her greatness.For more than thirty years acclaimed author and royal biographer Robert Lacey has been gathering material from members of the Queen’s inner circle—her friends, relatives, private secretaries, and prime ministers. Now, in The Queen, Lacey offers a life of the celebrated monarch, told in four parts that capture the distinctive flavor of passing eras, and reveal how Elizabeth II adapted—or, on occasions, regally declined to adapt—to changing times.In this New York Times bestseller, the author of A Night to Remember and The Miracle of Dunkirk revisits the…
Titanic disaster. Walter Lord&’s A Night to Remember was a landmark work that recounted the harrowing events of April 14, 1912, when the British ocean liner RMS Titanic went down in the North Atlantic Ocean, a book that inspired a classic movie of the same name. In The Night Lives On, Lord takes the exploration further, revealing information about the ship&’s last hours that emerged in the decades that followed, and separating myths from facts. Was the ship really christened before setting sail on its maiden voyage? What song did the band play as water spilled over the bow? How did the ship&’s wireless operators fail so badly, and why did the nearby Californian, just ten miles away when the Titanic struck the iceberg, not come to the rescue? Lord answers these questions and more, in a gripping investigation of the night when approximately 1,500 victims were lost to the sea.This book studies an overarching question of the challenges faced by Chinese lawmakers, Chinese listed companies, Chinese companies’ external advisers,…
and securities regulators in dealing with Chinese cross-border listed companies’ continuous disclosure in Australia, and how can these challenges be addressed. Chinese listed companies are struggling to meet the continuous disclosure requirements while listing in Australia and have even been depicted as having poor corporate governance and transparency. Many get delisted from the securities market in Australia subsequently due to non-compliance in continuous disclosure or are straight rejected from listing because of continuous disclosure compliance concerns. This book cuts in from this angle and delves deep into the overarching question through the following four sub-questions: What are the theories and policies behind the continuous disclosure regimes in Australia and China and how have they been differently implemented in the securities markets in these two countries? What are the deficiencies, at the intracompany level, contributing to Chinese cross-border listed companies’ non-compliant continuous disclosure in Australia? What are the limitations, from the perspective of external advisers’ efforts, contributing to Chinese cross-border listed companies’ non-compliant continuous disclosure in Australia? What are the difficulties, at the regulatory level, contributing to Chinese cross-border listed companies’ non-compliant continuous disclosure in Australia? In addressing these questions and putting forward corresponding reform proposals, this book takes not only legal but also historical, cultural, and political-economic factors into consideration.Agricultural Heritage Systems in Europe, Asia, Africa, Central and South America (Environmental History #16)
Par Mauro Agnoletti, Antonio Santoro, Beatrice Fiore, Francesco Piras, Federica Romano, Alessandra Bazzurro. 2023
Agriculture is often considered as one of the main threats to ecosystems. Unsustainable farming practices often result in habitat loss,…
inefficient use of water, soil degradation, pollution, genetic erosion, among other negative impacts on human life, including hunger, low food quality, reduced access to food resources, as well as the abandonment of rural areas. Nevertheless, when agriculture is practiced in a sustainable way, it can contribute to the preservation of many habitats, to the protection of watersheds, to the preservation and improvement of soil health.The use of sustainable and ecological practices is the key feature distinguishing traditional agriculture from intensive one. It may not provide very high yields, but ensures sustainable harvests over time, thanks to time-tested technologies and traditional know-hows and also represent examples of adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. Based on this approach, in 2002, FAO launched the concept of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme, to identify and safeguard agricultural systems that are ensuring food and livelihood security, while maintaining magnificent landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, traditional knowledge, cultural and social values.This book presents 18 examples of these traditional agriculture systems around the world, with a special focus on Europe, Asia, Africa, Central and South America, as a result of the “GIAHS Building Capacity” project co-funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) and carried out by the Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI) of the University of Florence (Italy).A scholarly exploration of the British armoured regiment and its part in the Allied campaign to liberate Europe during World…
War II. On June 14, 1944, the tanks of the 144th Regiment Royal armored Corps disembarked on Gold Beach during the Normandy landings. A long and bitter campaign began, taking them across Northwest Europe into the heart of Germany. During that advance the regiment took part in several important actions. These included Operation Pomegranate (July 1944), Operation Totalize, an innovative night attack which was one of the final steps to breaking out of the Caen bridgehead (7/8 August 1944), the siege and capture of Le Havre, the fighting in Holland during late 1944, the crossing of the Rhine, and the capture of Bremen just before the end of the war in Europe. The author investigates the regiment&’s service through interviews with his late father-in-law, Captain R.W. Thorne, who had been an officer in it during the war. This book also draws on a variety of contemporary sources—not least of which are the archives of fellow officer Marcus Cunliffe, a distinguished British scholar and author, who specialized in American Studies after the war (particularly military and cultural history). From Arromanches to the Elbe is a serious contribution to World War II history. It explores all aspects of army life, such as training and the social history of an active service unit, and will appeal to those interested in the European campaign, the use of tanks and armored warfare, and, of course, the final battles to defeat Hitler&’s Third Reich.Africa: Crossing The Rubicon
Par Guy Arnold. 1992
The end of World War II signaled the end of the European African empires. In 1945, four African countries were…
independent; by 1963, 30 African states created the Organization of African Unity. The 1960s were a time of optimism as Africans enjoyed their new independence, witnessed increases in prosperity and prepared to tackle their political and economic problems in their own way. By the 1990s, however, these high hopes had been dashed. Dictatorship by strongmen, corruption, civil wars and genocide, widespread poverty and the interventions and manipulations of the major powers had all relegated Africa to the position of an aid "basket case," the world's poorest and least-developed continent. By exploring developments over the last 15 years, including the impact of China, new IT technology and the Arab Spring, the rise of Nigeria as Africa's leading country and the recent refugee crisis, Guy Arnold brings his landmark history of modern Africa up to date and provides a fresh perspective on this misunderstood continent.SAS Action in Africa: Terrorists, Poachers & Civil War C Squadron Operations: 1968–1980
Par Michael Graham. 2019
A historical overview of the operations undertaken by the Rhodesian Special Air Service in the second half of the twentieth…
century. This gripping action-packed book is the eagerly awaited sequel to the best-selling Secret SAS Missions in Africa. C Squadron SAS, comprising dedicated battle-hardened veterans, operated against ruthless terrorist groups, trained and equipped by the Chinese and Russians between 1968 and 1980. The author, who rose to be the Squadron Second-in-Command, is superbly qualified to tell the inside story of their daring and deadly operations undertaken regardless of international borders in former Southern Rhodesia, Zambia, Angola and Mozambique. These include actively supporting Renamo, who were bitterly opposed to the Marxist/Leninist Frelimo regime in Mozambique. Operation DINGO, the Squadron&’s largest mission, destroyed a large ZANU training base and almost tipped the balance of power against Mugabe. We learn the story behind the shooting down of two civilian aircraft in what is now Zimbabwe and the special force follow-up to exact revenge. Also described are anti-poaching operations against breakaway groups intent on trading ivory and rhino horns. With its fast pace, colorful characters and behind-the-lines operations, SAS Action in Africa is a superb and thrilling read.First published in 1965, The English Militia in the Eighteenth Century directs light on English politics and government, through studying…
the militia, from the Restoration to the days of the younger Pritt. The militia occupied a significant place both in the quarrels between king and parliament in the later seventeenth century and in the struggle for power between the elder Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle. Raised and officered by the county and parish authorities, its maintenance constantly posed the problem of how to harness the machinery of local government to national purposes. The gentry had to be induced to help and the militia, like other institutions national and local, was shaped by the fashion and extent to which they responded. The book will be of interest to students of history, political science, and literature.This book is an interconnected history of the evolution of global health in the decades before 2019, told through the…
prism of six decisive moments in which individuals from the World Health Organization (WHO), philanthropic foundations, academia and bilateral agencies came together to shape the world. These critical junctures are accessed via the life and work of Norwegian immunologist Tore Godal, one of the most influential health physicians of all time. Godal’s career over the past 50 years offers a window into the profound events that have shaped the health and well-being of millions across the globe, including the first free donation of a drug for the treatment of river blindness; the entry of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation into the global health arena with a $750 million start-up grant for GAVI, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization; the 50% reduction in under-five mortality rates this century; the emergence of insecticide bed nets as the cornerstone of WHO malaria control; the rise of maternal and child health on the global political agenda; and the connection between Ebola and the creation of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) in 2017. Exploring the ways in which the trajectory of global health has interwoven with the rich life and legacy of Godal, this book is a crucial resource for any reader interested in global health.The Forge: The History of Goldsmiths' College, 1905-1955 (Routledge Revivals)
Par Dorothy Dymond. 1955
First Published in 1955 The Forge presents the history of Goldsmiths' College from 1905 to 1955. It discusses themes like…
fifty years of growth by highlighting the beginnings, the time period between the wars, during the Second World War and the post-war restoration; pioneer work, experiments and social service; daily life in college etc. Rich in archival sources and illustrations, this is an interesting read for general readers interested in the history of Goldsmiths' College.First published in 1974, Authors, Publishers and Politicians describes the efforts to secure an Anglo-American copyright agreement. It explores the…
underlying causes of the failure of this quest, a failure which enabled literary pirates on both sides of the Atlantic to continue operations for another forty years. It traces the effects this had on the writers and producers of books as well as their reading public. Few aspects of Anglo-American relations were untouched by the drama presented in this study. Its broader implications range from straightforward business transactions, official diplomatic manoeuvres, endless legal complexities, and clandestine political intrigue to the peculiarities involved in book smuggling, newspaper rivalries and industrial espionage. The book will be of interest to students of legal history, publishing and literature.Human Documents of the Lloyd George Era (Routledge Revivals)
Par E. Royston Pike. 1972
First published in 1972, Human Documents of the Lloyd George Era presents the years when Lloyd George was in his…
prime, and his career in peace and war may be seen as the frame in which the ‘documents’ find their proper place; but the book’s real subject is not Lloyd George, it is the People, with whom he identified himself and spent his long life trying to serve. For the purpose of this book Lloyd George Era is taken as the period from 1905. The early documents enable us to reconstruct a vivid picture of life as it was lived ‘before the war’ by such people as London artisans, Middlesbrough ironworkers, Lancashire factory hands, Northumbrian pit-folk and farm labourers, while extracts from reports of the first ‘Lady Factory Inspectors’ and of the great Royal Commission on the Poor Law highlight the grim situation of the ‘Pauper Host’. With the outbreak of war, the mood changes, as Lloyd George leads the People in a massive war effort on the home front, producing munitions and trying to maintain normal industrial output. A glimpse is given of the various contributions made by women. Out of a vast mass of tiny details a picture emerges of an essentially peace- loving people joining forces to achieve what Lloyd George called ‘the bloodstained stagger’ to victory. This is an essential read for students of British history.An Introduction to Medieval History (Routledge Revivals)
Par Dorothy Dymond. 1929
First Published in 1929 An Introduction to Medieval History presents a comprehensive overview of the social, political, and religious movements…
that inspired medieval civilization and still influence the civilization of our own day. It brings crucial themes like the heritage of Rome; church and the Empire; the peasant and his Lord; nations and kings; empire and papacy; the eastern empire and the Crusades; transition to modern times; decline of empire and papacy; decline of feudalism and development of trade; and towns and the Renaissance. This introductory book is useful for history students in secondary schools and training colleges and general readers interested to know about the medieval times.Britain and the Armenian Question: 1915-1923 (Routledge Revivals)
Par Akaby Nassibian. 1984
First published in 1984 Britain and the Armenian Question examines the direction, changes, and ramifications of British policy towards Armenia…
during 1915 to 1923. The author has made extensive use of parliamentary papers and those of the Cabinet, Foreign Office, War Office and India office as well as documents produced by pro- Armenian groups during the period. This material is used to build up a detailed and incontrovertible study of British policy, which shows the extent to which it was governed by self-interest even when support for Armenia was its most altruistic. Once Britain secured predominance in the Persian Gulf, she lost all her interest in Armenian territory and the dilemma was posed when the war ended: not only did she no longer need Armenia but also had to decide who to support in Russia. Armenia lost out on all sides and was compelled eventually to adapt herself to the policies of the surrounding countries. This is an interesting read for scholars and researchers of international relations and international political history.