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Abraham Lincoln: 16th president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par Rebecca Stefoff. 1989
Lincoln was born in 1809 in a log cabin in Kentucky. Frontier life was hard, and he was able to…
attend school for only a few months. But Lincoln developed a thirst for knowledge and worked hard to educate himself. As a young man he became interested in politics and law. As president he would lead the nation through its only civil war. For grades 5-8 and older readersFranklin Pierce was born in 1804 in New Hampshire. The Pierce home, which also served as an inn and tavern,…
was a very lively place. After graduating from Bowdoin College, Pierce became a law apprentice. The same year that he was admitted to the bar his father was elected governor of New Hampshire, and Pierce's political rise began. For grades 5-8 and older readersHerbert C. Hoover, 31st president of the United States
Par Barbara Polikoff. 1990
Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa. He graduated from Stanford University with a degree…
in engineering and worked all over the world. Elected president in 1928, he was denounced for opposing federal aid to starving Americans during the Great Depression. He was defeated in 1932 and left office embittered. For grades 5-8 and older readersThomas Jefferson: 3rd president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par Rebecca Stefoff. 1988
Thomas Jefferson was born in 1743 in Virginia. His father, a wealthy planter, was prominent in local affairs. After attending…
the College of William and Mary for two years, Jefferson became a law apprentice and was admitted to the bar in 1767. Nine years later he would write one of the most important documents ever, The Declaration of Independence. For grades 5-8 and older readersJames A. Garfield: 20th president of the United States
Par Fern Brown. 1990
James Abram Garfield was born on November 19, 1831, in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. His father died when he was a…
toddler, and he and his brother and two sisters worked hard helping his mother farm. James's mother believed that he was destined for greatness, and insisted that he be educated. He was elected president in 1880 and was assassinated in 1881. For grades 5-8 and older readersJohn F. Kennedy, 35th president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par Lucille Falkof. 1988
John Kennedy was born in 1917 in Massachusetts. Both of his grandfathers were influential Boston politicians. After graduating from Harvard,…
he served in the Navy during World War II and became a hero. In 1947 he was elected to Congress. His presidency is noted for the "Cuban Missle Crisis" and for civil rights gains. For grades 5-8 and older readersGeorge H.W. Bush: 41st president of the United States
Par Rebecca Stefoff. 1990
George Herbert Walker Bush was born on June 12, 1924, in Milton, Massachusetts, the second eldest of four sons and…
one daughter. In the spring of 1944 he became the youngest pilot in the U.S. Navy, and earned several medals. When he returned from the war, he married Barbara Pierce and enrolled at Yale University. He was elected president in 1988. For grades 5-8 and older readersMartin Van Buren: 8th president of the United States
Par Rafaela Ellis. 1989
Martin Van Buren was born in 1782 in a small Dutch community in New York. Although Martin was needed to…
work in his family's tavern, he finished the academy and became a law apprentice when he was fourteen. He soon discovered politics and moved to New York City where he became a notable lawyer and politician. He was elected president in 1836. For grades 5-8 and older readersThe pyramids: an enigma solved
Par Joseph Davidovits. 1988
For centuries people have presumed the pyramids were built by slaves working for years to move large blocks of stone…
into place. But was that possible given the lack of tools for cutting blocks and the high level of skill required for fitting them together? The authors suggest that a desert chemical called natron was used to cast hard stones in much the way we now use concreteJohn Tyler, 10th president of the United States
Par Lucille Falkof. 1990
John Tyler was born into a well-educated and affluent family in Charles City County, Virginia, on March 29, 1790. He…
graduated from William and Mary College in 1807 and was admitted to the bar in 1809, the year that his father became governor of Virginia. Elected vice president in 1840, Tyler became president in 1841 upon the death of Harrison. For grades 5-8 and older readersWilliam McKinley: 25th president of the United States
Par David Collins. 1990
William McKinley was born in 1843 in Niles, Ohio, the seventh child of Nancy Allison McKinley and William McKinley, Sr.…
After serving in the Union Army during the Civil War, he clerked in a law office and was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1867. He was elected to the presidency in 1896, and reelected in 1900. He was shot and killed by an assassin in 1901. For grades 5-8 and older readersJohn Adams, 2nd president of the United States
Par Rebecca Stefoff. 1988
John Adams was born in 1735 in Massachusetts, the eldest of three sons. His father was a deacon in the…
local Congregational Church and John had a strict, Puritan upbringing. As a young lawyer, he became involved in the fight for American independence. He would later serve as the first ambassador to Great Britain and as president. For grades 5-8 and older readersRutherford B. Hayes: 19th president of the United States
Par Neal Robbins. 1989
Hayes was born in Ohio in 1822 ten weeks after the death of his father. A sickly child, Rud was…
very close to his sister Fanny, who urged him to become "somebody important." A Harvard Law School graduate, Civil War hero, and governor of Ohio, he was elected president in the most controversial election in the nation's history. For grades 5-8 and older readersJames Buchanan: 5th president of the United States
Par David Collins. 1990
James Buchanan was born in 1791 in Cove Gap, Pennsylvania. Elected to the presidency in 1856, he brought more than…
forty years of experience in public service to the office. Within days of his inauguration the Supreme Court delivered its pro-slavery decision in the Dred Scott case. Buchanan was shocked and burdened by the anger and hostility it created. For grades 5-8 and older readersJames K. Polk, 11th president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par Miriam Greenblatt. 1988
Polk was born in 1795 in North Carolina, and later moved with his family to Tennessee. At the age of…
eighteen he began school, determined to make up for lost time. After graduating from the University of North Carolina, he returned to Tennessee, became a clerk with a prominent lawyer and politician, and soon began his own political rise. For grades 5-8 and older readersCalvin Coolidge: 30th president of the United States
Par Rita Stevens. 1990
John Calvin Coolidge born on July 4, 1872, in Plymouth, Vermont, was the eldest of two children. After graduating from…
Amherst College he clerked in a law office and passed the bar in 1897. He entered local politics and became governor of Massachsetts in 1919. Elected to the vice presidency one year later, he became president upon the death of Harding. For grades 5-8 and older readersUlysses S. Grant: 18th president of the United States
Par Lucille Falkof. 1988
Ulysses Grant was born in 1822 in Ohio. His parents named him Hiram Ulysses; but when he enrolled in West…
Point, his name was listed as Ulysses Simpson, and he adopted that name. In 1853 he was forced to resign from the army for drunkenness, but was recalled when the Civil War broke out in 1861. He eventually became head of the Union armies. For grades 5-8 and older readersGrover Cleveland, 22nd and 24th president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par David Collins. 1988
Grover Cleveland was born in 1837 in New Jersey, and soon moved to New York. One of nine children, he…
grew up as "a minister's kid." When he was sixteen his father died, and he went to work at the New York Institution for the Blind in New York City. After serving as governor of New York, he was elected president in 1884 and again in 1892. For grades 5-8 and older readersJames Monroe, 5th president of the United States (Presidents of the United States)
Par Rebecca Stefoff. 1988
James Monroe was born in 1758 in Virginia. Two years after he enrolled at the College of William and Mary,…
the Revolutionary War began and eighteen-year old Monroe enlisted in the Continental Army. After serving as governor of Virginia, he was appointed minister to France and helped make the Louisiana Purchase. As president, he put forth the Monroe Doctrine. For grades 5-8 and older readersThe Spanish Armada
Par Colin Martin. 1988
A revisionist history of the defeat of Philip II's grand Spanish fleet in 1588. Utilizing recent archaeological findings and previously…
unstudied documents found in the archives of Spain and the Netherlands, the authors explain why a supposedly invincible fleet, believed by the Spaniards to be guided by God's hand, suffered so disastrous a defeat off the British coast