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No Birds of Passage: A History of Gujarati Muslim Business Communities, 1800–1975
Par Michael O’Sullivan. 2023
A sweeping account of three Gujarati Muslim trading communities, whose commercial success over nearly two centuries sheds new light on…
the history of capitalism, Islam, and empire in South Asia.During the nineteenth century, three Gujarati Muslim commercial castes—the Bohras, Khojas, and Memons—came to dominate Muslim business in South Asia. Although these communities constitute less than 1 percent of South Asia’s Muslim population, they are still disproportionately represented among the region’s leading Muslim-owned firms today. In No Birds of Passage, Michael O’Sullivan argues that the conditions enabling their success have never been understood, thanks to stereotypes—embraced equally by colonial administrators and Muslim commentators—that estrange them from their religious identity. Yet while long viewed as Hindus in all but name, or as “Westernized” Muslims who embraced colonial institutions, these groups in fact entwined economic prerogatives and religious belief in a distinctive form of Muslim capitalism.Following entrepreneurial firms from Gujarat to the Hijaz, Hong Kong, Mombasa, Rangoon, and beyond, O’Sullivan reveals the importance of kinship networks, private property, and religious obligation to their business endeavors. This paradigm of Muslim capitalism found its highest expression in the jamaats, the central caste institutions of each community, which combined South Asian, Islamicate, and European traditions of corporate life. The jamaats also played an essential role in negotiating the position of all three groups in relation to British authorities and Indian Muslim nationalists, as well as the often-sharp divisions within the castes themselves.O’Sullivan’s account sheds light on Gujarati Muslim economic life from the dawn of colonial hegemony in India to the crisis of the postcolonial state, and provides fascinating insights into the broader effects of capitalist enterprise on Muslim experience in modern South Asia.The Formation of Islam: Religion and Society in the Near East, 600-1800 (Themes in Islamic History #Number Two)
Par Patricia Crone, Jonathan Berkey. 2003
Jonathan Berkey surveys the religious history of the peoples of the Near East from approximately 600 to 1800 c.e. After…
examining the religious scene in the Near East in late antiquity, he investigates Islam's first century, the "classical" period from the accession of the Abbasids to the rise of the Buyid amirs. He then traces the emergence of new forms of Islam in the middle period, deftly showing how Islam emerged slowly as part of a prolonged process.The book emphasizes the digitalization process in halal management of products and industries, which relate to the comparisons and cases…
in many countries viewed from an Islamic perspective. It needs a new view of using information technology to achieve wider coverage of promoting halal products as well as to develop the halal industries. A global perspective that consists of experiences from Muslim majority and minority countries will be presented in this book. This topic is also associated with the concepts on Islamic business and management. Islamic business not only focuses on finance/banking, but beyond that Islam teaches all people to do Shariah-compliant transactions or business. The book gives solutions to halal industry through digitalization. Islam has many solutions to be offered, and thus, it is important to reveal and discuss the Islamic way of managing business, including halal management. The book also discusses the halal products and its certifications. This book is intended for stakeholders of different industries, from environmental to food, in the need of digital tools and IT infrastructure.American Muslim Perspectives on Radicalization
Par Nahid Kabir. 2023
This book is a study of American Muslims' perspectives on Muslims who become radicalized and choose to support the Islamic…
State. Muslim radicalization is a global phenomenon that has affected American Muslims as it has Muslims throughout the world. In 2015, approximately 250 Americans joined the Islamic State (IS), and some still sympathize with it. Based on 51 in-depth interviews conducted in nine states from 2017 to 2021, this book offers a thematic understanding of radicalization, touching on themes such as Islamic history, Muslims' social and political identities, cultural dilemmas, radicalization outlets, mental health, media stereotypes, Islamophobia, security, and the impact of COVID-19 on radicalization. This book differs from previous scholarship on the causes of radicalization by focusing on the perspectives of non-radicalized American Muslims. While some previous scholarship has focused on Muslim radicalization in Europe, this book provides a new spectrum of views from the United States. It also offers pathways to de-radicalization. The interview data is complemented with relevant literature, analysis of media perspectives, and the author's personal observations.The Syncretic Traditions of Islamic Religious Architecture of Kashmir (Early 14th –18th Century)
Par Hakim Hamdani. 2021
This book traces the historical identity of Kashmir within the context of Islamic religious architecture between early fourteenth and mid-eighteenth…
century. It presents a framework of syncretism within which the understanding of this architectural tradition acquires new dimensions and possibilities in the region. In a first, the volume provides a detailed overview of the origin and development of Islamic sacred architecture while contextualizing it within the history of Islam in Kashmir. Covering the entirety of Muslim rule in the region, the book throws light on Islamic religious architecture introduced with the establishment of the Muslim Sultanate in the early fourteenth century, and focuses on both monumental and vernacular architecture. It examines the establishment of new styles in architecture, including ideas, materials and crafts introduced by non-Kashmiri missionaries in the late-fourteenth to fifteenth century. Further, it discusses how the Mughals viewed Kashmir and embellished the land with their architectural undertakings, coupled with encounters between Kashmir’s native culture, with its identity and influences introduced by Sufis arriving from the medieval Persianate world. The book also highlights the transition of the traditional architecture to a pan-Islamic image in the post-Independence period. With its rich illustrations, photographs and drawings, this book will interest students, researchers, and professionals in architecture studies, cultural and heritage studies, visual and art history, religion, Islamic studies and South Asian studies. It will also be useful to professional architecture institutes, public libraries, museums, cultural and heritage bodies as well as the general reader interested in the architectural and cultural history of South Asia.Muslims and Christians in Norman Sicily: Arabic-Speakers and the End of Islam (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East)
Par Alex Metcalfe, Dr Metcalfe. 2002
The social and linguistic history of medieval Sicily is both intriguing and complex. Before the Muslim invasion of 827, the…
islanders spoke dialects of either Greek or Latin or both. On the arrival of the Normans around 1060 Arabic was the dominant language, but by 1250 Sicily was an almost exclusively Christian island, with Romance dialects in evidence everywhere. Of particular importance to the development of Sicily was the formative period of Norman rule (1061 1194), when most of the key transitions from an Arabic-speaking Muslim island to a 'Latin'-speaking Christian one were made. This work sets out the evidence for those changes and provides an authoritative approach that re-defines the conventional thinking on the subject.This book provides an unprecedented portrayal of a lively shari'a court in contemporary West Jerusalem, which belongs to the Israeli…
legal system but serves Palestinian residents of the eastern part of the city. It draws a rich picture of an intriguing institution, operating in an environment marked by legal pluralism and by exceptional political and cultural tensions. The book suggests an organizational-institutional approach to legal pluralism, which examines not only the relations between bodies of law but also the relations between courts of law serving the same population. Based on participant observations in the studied court as well as on textual and legal analyses of court cases and rulings, the study combines history and ethnography, diachronic and synchronic perspectives, and examines broad, macro-political processes as well as micro-level interactions. The book offers fresh perspectives on the phenomenon of legal pluralism, on shari'a law in practice and on Palestinian-Israeli relations in the divided city of Jerusalem. The work is a valuable resource for academics and researchers working in the areas of Legal Pluralism, Islamic Law, and socio-legal history of the Middle East.Protest is an activity not associated with the pious and collectively-minded, but more often seen as an activity of the…
liberal and rebellious. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are commonly understood as paragons of submission and obedience following Abraham’s example. Yet, the scriptures of all three faiths are founded in the prophets protesting wrongs in the social order. The Qur'an claims that men and women, and the relations between them are a sign from God. The question is to what extent are women silenced in the text, and do they share with men in shaping the prophetic scriptures? This book finds that far from silencing women, the Qur'an affirms the female voice as protester for justice and as questioner of Theology. In this reading of the female role in divine revelation in the Islamic text, Georgina Jardim returns to the scriptures of the Judeo-Christian counterpart of the Abrahamic faiths, to investigate whether the Bible may claim women as brokers of revelation. The result is an enriched understanding of divine communication in the Abrahamic scriptures and a commonplace for reasoning about the female voice as speaker in the Word of God.Addressing the rupture between religious and social sciences in Arab universities, this book provides a critical assessment of the curricula…
of Shariah and Islamic Studies departments across the Arab World, arguing for increased interdisciplinary dialogue. Based on over 250 interviews with university students and teachers, this study is the sum of five years of field research observing the curricula and teaching styles of colleges in the Shariah sciences. The author provides critical insight into these curricula by focusing on case studies in Lebanon and Jordan, Morocco, Kuwait and Qatar, and in Malaysia. In doing so, the book aims to answer the following questions: What is the aim of religious education? Does it aim to create people who specialize solely in religious affairs, or does it aim to form the student according to a comprehensive human framework? What is the nature of the relationship between the social sciences and the Shariah sciences? The book concludes by examining three pioneering institutions which have introduced alternative curricula in teaching Shariah studies. The book has wide geographic and ideological coverage, and will appeal to university students, academics, and policy analysts working across a range of disciplines, including the philosophy of knowledge, Islamic law and education, and sociology.Sogdian Painting: The Pictorial Epic in Oriental Art
Par Guitty Azarpay. 1981
This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out…
and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices RevivedIslamic Philosophy of Religion: Essays from Analytic Perspectives (Routledge Studies in Religion)
Par Mohammad Zarepour. 2024
This volume focuses on Islamic philosophy of religion with a range of contributions from analytic perspectives. It opens with methodological…
discussions on the relationship between the history of Islamic philosophy and contemporary analytic philosophy. The book then offers a philosophical examination of some specific Islamic beliefs as well as some approaches to general beliefs that Islam shares with other religions. The chapters address a variety of topics from the existence and attributes of God through to debates on science and religion. The authors are predominantly scholars from Muslim backgrounds who tackle philosophical issues concerning Islam as their own living religion, representing internal perspectives that have never been vocal in analytic philosophy of religion so far. This is valuable reading for scholars and students of philosophy, theology, and religious studies.The Little Book of Sufi Stories: Ancient Wisdom to Nourish the Heart
Par Neil Douglas-Klotz. 2018
“Entertaining. . . . practical, ghostly, and often very funny tales . . . including those by saints like Rumi as well as lay storytellers from…
Turkey and Persia.” —Publishers WeeklyThe stories in this book are drawn from the dozens of Sufi tales that Douglas-Klotz has enjoyed telling in his seminars over the past 20 years. Most of them appear in works of the classical Sufis, such as Rumi, Attar, or S’adi. To preserve some of the in-person feeling and bring the language up to date, he has given them his own improvised turns.“If you want to hear a good story but prefer to read it instead, then read Douglas-Klotz! He writes as if he’s sitting in your living room, invited over for afternoon tea to entertain you with some heart-pleasing, often humorous, yet soul-searching Sufi stories. His modernization of these old texts is gentle and mindful, yet unapologetic.” —Maryam Mafi, from the forewordThe Soul of Rumi: A New Collection of Ecstatic Poems
Par Coleman Barks. 2001
The Soul of Rumi collects the poetry of the thirteenth century Persian mystic that explores the divine from the teachings…
of Sufism.Rumi’s masterpieces have inspired countless people throughout the centuries, and Coleman Barks’s exquisite renderings are widely considered the definitive versions. His translations capture the inward exploration and intensity that characterize Rumi’s poetry, making this unique voice of mysticism and desire contemporary while remaining true to the original poems. In this volume readers will encounter the essence of Sufism’s insights into the experience of divine love, wisdom, and the nature of both humanity and God.Rumi’s voice leaps off these pages with a rapturous power, expressing our deepest yearning for the transcendent connection with the source of the divine: there are passionate outbursts about the torment of longing for the beloved and the sweet delight that comes from union; stories of sexual adventures and of loss; poems of love and fury, sadness and joy; and quiet truths about the beauty and variety of human emotion. For Rumi, soul and body and emotion are not separate but are rather part of the great mystery of mortal life, a riddle whose solution is love. Above all else, Rumi’s poetry exposes us to the delight that comes from being fully alive, urging us always to put aside our fears and take the risk of discovering our core self.Barks’s fresh, original translations magnificently convey Rumi’s insights into the human heart and its longings with his signature passion and daring, focusing on the ecstatic experience of the inseparability of human and divine love.Muslim: What You Need To Know About The World's Fastest Growing Religion
Par Hank Hanegraaff. 2017
Is Islam a peaceful and tolerant religion? How did it get started? World events are making it more timely, important,…
and necessary for every Christian to understand how the world&’s fastest-growing religion will affect them and how to stand firm in the truth of Christ.Renowned &“Bible Answer Man&” Hank Hanegraaff provides an in-depth look at Islam. For all the debate over Islam and its growing presence in the world, one thing is often overlooked: Islam is not a religion in the Western sense. It&’s an all-encompassing worldview opposed to anything but itself. While there may be millions of peaceful and tolerant Muslims, many of them our neighbors, Islam itself is not peaceful and tolerant.Islam is the only significant religious system in the history of the human race with a structure of laws that mandate violence against the infidel. The current narrative is that to tell the truth in this regard will radicalize Muslims and worsen hostilities. A common phrase you&’ve probably heard is that: &“Islam is not our enemy.&” As well-intentioned as this mantra may be, it is a dangerous stance once someone understands Islam in full.Global Islamic jihadism is exacting mass genocide on Christians in the East and multiplying terrorist attacks throughout the West. Worse still, Western governments, academic institutions, and media outlets seem bent on peddling a false narrative about what Islam truly is.In Muslim, you will:Learn the history of Islam, from the bloody career of the prophet Mohammed to the authoritarian Islamic lawExamine how Islamic theology refutes the core Christian beliefs of original sin, Jesus&’ resurrection, and moreDiscover specific Islamic teaching inciting violence to non-Muslims and even governments opposing Islamic lawFind solutions and encouragement for Christians to withstand this growing global threatThe conflict between Islam and the West is not going to die down or fade away. The Islamic doctrines upon which it is based will continue to cause conflict on an ever-increasing scale. With Muslim, Christians can equip themselves and others to stand unwavering in the truth of Christ.Habib Bourguiba, Islam and the Creation of Tunisia (Routledge Revivals)
Par Norma Salem. 1984
First published in 1984, Habib Bourguiba, Islam and the Creation of Tunisia is a study of Habib Bourguiba, the founder…
of independent Tunisia, that argues that Islam played a vital role in the development of the Tunisian nationalist movement. This book is therefore both a biography of the Tunisian leader and a discussion of the role of Islam as the key to legitimacy throughout the Arab world. The author argues that Islam was such a fundamental component in defining the specificity of the Tunisian nation that even Bourguiba, the most secular of Arab leaders, could not shed the Arab-Islamic heritage of Tunisia. Instead, he used Islam as a principle mode of communication to mobilise the Tunisian masses. This book will be of interest to students of African studies, history, political science and religion.Media Language on Islam and Muslims: Terminologies and Their Effects
Par Salman Al-Azami. 2023
This book brings together contributions from ten academics and a commentary from a Muslim community leader on how the British…
media represent some of the most important terminologies related to Islam and Muslims. It takes a nuanced approach to language within Muslims in the media research by focusing on terminologies. Each contributor in this volume focused on one terminology and its associated words to show how the representation of these terminologies have major implications on the lives of British Muslims. The book also includes some key recommendations on the usage of these terms from the Media Style Guide of the Centre for Media monitoring - a research organisation of the Muslim Council of Britain. This book’s link with the Muslim community can be a step towards new approaches in this field where academics will engage with communities and practitioners to ensure better impact of their academic works. This book will be of interest to students, scholars and practitioners in a range of fields, including Journalism, Media and Communication Studies, English Language and Linguistics, Sociology, Cultural and Religious Studies.New Perspectives on the Qur'an: The Qur'an in its Historical Context 2 (Routledge Studies in the Qur'an)
Par Gabriel Reynolds. 2011
This book continues the work of The Qur’ān in its Historical Context, in which an international group of scholars address…
an expanded range of topics on the Qur’ān and its origins, looking beyond medieval Islamic traditions to present the Qur’ān’s own conversation with the religions and literatures of its day. Particular attention is paid to recent debates and controversies in the field, and to uncovering the Qur’ān’s relationship with Judaism and Christianity. After a foreword by Abdolkarim Soroush, chapters by renowned experts cover: method in Qur'ānic Studies analysis of material evidence, including inscriptions and ancient manuscripts, for what they show of the Qur'ān’s origins the language of the Qur'ān and proposed ways to emend our reading of the Qur'ān how our knowledge of the religious groups at the time of the Qur'ān’s emergence might contribute to a better understanding of the text the Qur'ān’s conversation with Biblical literature and traditions that challenge the standard understanding of the holy book. This debate of recent controversial proposals for new interpretations of the Qur'ān will shed new light on the Qur’anic passages that have been shrouded in mystery and debate. As such, it will be a valuable reference for scholars of Islam, the Qur’an, Christian-Muslim relations and the Middle East.Muhammad, the World-Changer: An Intimate Portrait
Par Mohamad Jebara. 2021
"An accessible biography of Muhammad, Islam’s founding prophet, tracing his development from orphan to political leader and providing insights into…
his personal life and tastes." —New York Times Book Review"A joyous read, presenting the Prophet Muhammad both as human and humane. Insightful, thoughtful and thought provoking! " —Azar Nafisi, New York Times bestselling author of Reading Lolita in Tehran“A beautifully written, immaculately researched meditation on the impact of the Prophet Muhammad on the modern world. I loved this book!” —Reza Aslan, author of No God but God and Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of NazarethA six-year-old cries in his mother’s arms as she draws her last breaths to urge him: “Muhammad, be a world-changer!” The boy, suddenly orphaned in a tribal society that fears any change, must overcome enormous obstacles to unleash his own potential and inspire others to do the same.Fusing details long known to Muslim scholars but inaccessible to popular audiences, Mohamad Jebara brings to life the gripping personal story of Islam’s founding prophet. From his dramatic birth to nearly being abducted into slavery to escaping assassination, Muhammad emerges as an unrelenting man on a mission. Surrounding the protagonist are dynamic women who nurture Muhammad; Jewish and Christian mentors who inspire him; and the enslaved individuals he helps liberate who propel his movement.Jebara places Muhammad’s life in a broader historical context, vividly evoking the Meccan society he was born into and arguing that his innovative vision helped shape our modern world.The Imam's Daughter: My Desperate Flight to Freedom
Par Hannah Shah. 2010
Hannah Shah is an Imam's daughter. She lived the life of a devout Muslim in a family of Pakistani Muslims…
in England, but behind the front door, she was a caged butterfly.For many years, her father abused her in the cellar of their home. At sixteen, she discovered a plan to send her to Pakistan for an arranged marriage, and she gathered the courage to run away. Relentlessly hunted by her angry father and brothers, who were intent on executing an "honor" killing, she moved from house to house in perpetual fear to escape them. Over time, she converted to Christianity and was able to live and marry as she wished.Hannah found the courage to live her life free from shame, free from religious intolerance, and free from the abuse that haunted her childhood. This is a remarkable true story of how a young girl escaped a life of torture . . . a story you won't forget.Religious Economies in Secular Context: Halal Markets, Practices and Landscapes (New Directions in Islam)
Par Rano Turaeva, Michael Brose. 2023
This edited collection is one of the few sociological and anthropological studies of Halal markets. The chapters inquire into the…
legal and religious aspects of Halal markets in non-Muslim contexts or the countries where the label 'Halal' matters, and is not taken for granted as it is the case in most of the Muslim world where it is an accepted norm. In many countries, 'Halal' has become a type of brand used to market food and cosmetic products. This is an effective marketing strategy because it appeals directly to Muslims, but also increasingly to non-Muslims who seek pure, fresh products. In this case 'Halal' implies attributes similar to other brands where quality and purity is guaranteed, such as Fair Trade, Bio or organic in the US and Europe, but with the additional appeal to prospective Muslim consumers that it satisfies Islamic norms.The book consists of contributions on Halal economies in non-Muslim societies dealing with such dilemmas as rational thinking and halal philosophy within various fields of halal economy such as regulation, production, marketing, service delivery and consumption.